Ak chcete Ubuntu nainštalovať pomocou flash disku (usb kľúča, pamäťovej karty, a pod...), musíte najskôr stiahnutý súbor s ISO obrazom inštalačného CD nakopírovať na flash zariadenie. To si vyžaduje zariadenie s dostatočnou kapacitou pre inštaláciu (2 GB alebo viac), ktoré je naformátované so súborovým systémom FAT32. Dnešné USB kľúče toto kritérium spĺňajú.
Varovanie: Aj keď táto operácia neporuší pôvodné dáta na disku, odporúča sa spraviť pred začatím kopírovania zálohu dát na iné médium. Tiež je vhodné spraviť si na kľúči nový adresár a do neho presunúť všetok obsah, lebo pri kopírovaní CD sa na kľúči sa vytvorí viacero nových adresárov a súborov.
Uistite sa, že váš počítač podporuje zavádzanie z flash zariadenia, na ktoré Ubuntu chcete nakopírovať. Mnoho počítačov dokáže systém zaviesť z USB kľúča a aj ďalších zariadení. Bližšie informácie o zavádzaní sú v časti Predinštalačné kroky.
Pred tým ako začnete kopírovať súbor na Flash disk, vrelo odporúčame, aby ste si pomocou md5 sumy (obtlačku hash) overili, či je súbor .iso správne stiahnutý. Viac informácií sa dozviete na stránke HowToMD5SUM.
Ubuntu is distributed over the Internet as two types of files: CD image files, called ISOs, and flash image files, called IMGs. To install Ubuntu from flash media, you first need to write the downloaded IMG image to your flash device. This requires a working flash writer (e.g. USB stick, SD reader, etc.), and flash media with sufficient capacity for the install (1 GB or larger is recommended) formatted in FAT32. Commonly, a single USB stick is used to fulfill both requirements.
Warning: This will destroy all data on the USB device. Please backup all data to other media before proceeding.
Be sure to verify that your computer supports booting from the device you have selected for installation. Many computers can boot from a USB drive, and some from other sources. Check the documentation on your specific model of computer for the procedure to boot from the selected device.
If you have downloaded an ISO image, please refer to BurningIsoHowto.
The GettingUbuntu page has links to the IMG and ISO image files, as well as other methods of GettingUbuntu.
Before writing your flash, it is highly recommended that you verify the md5 sum (hash) of the .img file. For instructions, please see HowToMD5SUM. For the current list of Official Ubuntu MD5 hashes, see the MD5SUMS file for the release you're using under http://releases.ubuntu.com (and optionally the PGP signatures in the MD5SUMS.gpg file), or see UbuntuHashes. This ensures that the file was not damaged during the download process and is 100% intact.
Download Disk Imager from https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/+download
Download flashnul from http://shounen.ru/soft/flashnul
Run flashnul -p
Run flashnul <number obtained in prior step> -L \path\to\downloaded.img
If your release does not include this, download it from Oliver's PPA
If imagewriter fails to launch, you may need to install python glade2 support. Install the python-glade2 package or Run sudo apt-get install python-glade2
sudo apt-get install usb-imagewriter
Open Applications -> Accessories -> Image Writer
KDE users will find this in Applications -> Utilities -> Image Writer
sudo imagewriter
on some usb-imagewriter versions (console command: imagewriter) the application fails to write if the image path contains blank spaces, exiting with "IndexError: list index out of range".
Be very careful about which /dev device you write to. If your machine is booted up off of disk /dev/sda, and your usb stick is on /dev/sdc, and you accidentally write to /dev/sda instead of /dev/sdc, your filesystem will be irreparably damaged and you will lose all of your files.
Look at the output of sudo dmesg | tail -20 to determine the device node assigned to your flash media (ignore the device number; e.g. /dev/sdc, not sdc1)
[ 5046.396364] usb-storage: device scan complete
[ 5046.397075] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access USB Flash Memory 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
[ 5047.068761] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00
[ 5047.068769] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
[ 5047.075021] sdc: sdc1
[ 5047.076459] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
Run sudo umount /dev/devicenode
Run sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/devicenode bs=1M
Run diskutil list to get the current list of devices
Run diskutil list again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media (e.g. /dev/disk2)
Run diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN (replace N with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, N would be 2)
Execute sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m (replace /path/to/downloaded.img with the path where the image file is located; for example, ./ubuntu.img, /dev/rdiskN is faster than /dev/diskN). If you see the error dd: Invalid number `1m', you are using GNU dd. Use the same command but replace bs=1m with bs=1M.
Run diskutil eject /dev/diskN and remove your flash media when the command completes